How To Distinguish Between Copd And Asthma
Daniel More, MD, is a board-certified allergist and clinical immunologist. He is an assistant clinical professor at the University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine and currently practices at Central Coast Allergy and Asthma in Salinas, California.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma share a variety of common symptoms, which can make it difficult to distinguish between the two, at least initially. Because COPD has a certain stigma in our society that many patients do not like, some patients with COPD are more apt to say they have asthma. As with any condition, it’s important to determine the correct diagnosis to ensure that you’re getting proper treatment.
Expanding Access To Intensive Self
Teaching people how to manage asthma on their own is one of the most important parts of controlling the disease nationwide. Everyone with asthma should develop an individualized asthma action plan with a doctor. In general, people with asthma arent getting action plans from their doctors. Intensive asthma self-management education can improve asthma symptom control for individuals whose asthma is not well-controlled with medical management based upon the NAEPP Guidelines.
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Firearm Licensing: A Big
A growing number of states have acted to strengthen gun laws to address many of these weaknesses in the background check system and regulations surrounding gun ownership. In addition to a piecemeal approach to these issues, a few states have enacted a comprehensive system of firearm licensing to ensure that gun buyers are both legally eligible to possess guns and properly educated and trained on their safe use and storage. According to an analysis by the Giffords Law Center, eight states have enacted laws requiring that individuals obtain a license prior to purchasing firearms, and another three states require people to have a valid license or permit to possess firearms.38 In addition, Washington, D.C., requires the registration of all guns, which effectively functions as a licensing law.39 Firearm licensing laws vary from state to state, but tend to include the following elements: a completed background check, often requiring fingerprints review of the application by local law enforcement completion of safety training a waiting period prior to completing a sale and a license of limited duration.40
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Subd 4saturday Night Special Pistol
“Saturday night special pistol” means a pistol other than an antique firearm or a pistol for which the propelling force is carbon dioxide, air or other vapor, or children’s pop guns or toys, having a frame, barrel, cylinder, slide or breechblock:
of any material having a melting point of less than 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit, or
of any material having an ultimate tensile strength of less than 55,000 pounds per square inch, or
of any powdered metal having a density of less than 7.5 grams per cubic centimeter.
Know About Asthmatic Bronchitis
Asthma and bronchitis are defined as two inflammatory airway diseases. While they have distinct differences, as outlined above, asthma and acute bronchitis can occur together. This is known as asthmatic bronchitis.
A number of factors can contribute to asthmatic bronchitis. What triggers the symptoms in one person may be different than what causes a flare-up in another however, the following are the most common factors:
- Pollution
- Viral or bacterial infections
- Emotions
As you may have guessed, the symptoms of asthmatic bronchitis are a combination of asthma and bronchitis. They include shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, tightness in chest and the production of phlegm.
Due to a virus or bacteria bronchitis can be contagious, however chronic asthmatic bronchitis is not contagious.
Respiratory diseases affect people of all ages- children, teens, adults and seniors. Most of these diseases, such as asthma, bronchitis and COPD, are chronic and all have a significant impact on the individual with the disease, as well as on family, the community and the health care system. Its in everyones interest to gain a better understanding of respiratory ailments, not only so current patients can breathe easier, but so that we can prevent future generations from suffering.
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Maindifferences Between Asthma And Copd
Inflammatory Mediators Involved In Asthma
Chemokines are important in the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the airways and are mainly expressed in airway epithelial cells . Eotaxin is selective for eosinophils, whereas thymus and activationregulated chemokines and macrophage-derived chemokines recruit Th2 cells . Cysteinyl leukotrienes are potent bronchoconstrictors and proinflammatory mediators mainly derived from mast cells and eosinophils . Cytokines orchestrate the inflammatory response in asthma. Key cytokines include IL-1 and TNF, and GM-CSF. Th2-derived cytokines include IL-5, which is required for eosinophil differentiation and survival IL-4, which is important for Th2 cell differentiation and IL-13, needed for IgE formation . Histamine is released from mast cells and contributes to bronchoconstriction and inflammation . Nitric oxide , a potent vasodilator, is produced from syntheses in airway epithelial cells . Exhaled NO is increasingly being used to monitor the effectiveness of asthma treatment . Prostaglandin D2 is a bronchoconstrictor derived predominantly from mast cells and is involved in Th2 cell recruitment to the airways .
Airway structural cells involved in the pathogenesis of asthma are: airway epithelial cells, airway smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts and airway nerves .
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Data Points: Illegal Gun Carrying In Chicago Spiked In 2020 And Deadly Violence Followed
One of the most striking changes in crime in Chicago over the past year is something few people are talking about. Its not the utterly tragic 55% increase in homicides in 2020 compared with 2019. Its the nearly 110% increase in gun carrying, which itself is a major contributing factor to the rise in gun violence.
How do we know this? At the University of Chicagos Crime Lab, we have been examining data provided by the Chicago Police Department. Theres no measure of gun carrying, but we can draw an inference here by looking at two trends in CPD data that go in opposite directions. The first is that the number of police-resident encounters at least as measured by street stops and traffic stops plummeted in 2020 as the global COVID-19 pandemic started. From January to April 2020 the number of stops dropped by 85%. Yet the number of illegal guns officers recovered during those encounters is actually up.
Unless the police have become dramatically better at figuring out who is illegally carrying a gun , the implication is that lots more people are carrying guns illegally in Chicago. If we use this data as a proxy measure for illegal gun carrying, then as we can see gun carrying in 2020 is 108% higher than in 2019, and even 27% higher than in 2016 .
This is a citywide phenomenon. We see massive increases in illegal gun carrying in literally every neighborhood in Chicago.
Why should we care?
Link between gun carrying and violence
Why is this happening?
What should we do?
How Many People Die From Gun
- More than 500 people die every day from gun violence
- 44% of all homicides globally involve gun violence
- There were 1.4 million firearm-related deaths globally between 2012 and 2016
The majority of victims and perpetrators are young men, but women are particularly at risk of firearms violence perpetrated by an intimate partner. Sexual violence can also be facilitated by firearms.
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In Which State Is Each Type Of Weapon Most Commonly Used In Homicides
Using the 2019 Crime in the United States data, we also created a state-by-state breakdown of the percentage of murders using each weapon. For each type of weapon, we also tallied the ten states where it was used in the highest percentage of homicides.
Which states were found to use each type of weapon the most in homicides?
- was found to have the highest percentage of homicides using handguns at 75.1%.
- Vermont was found to have the highest percentage of homicides using rifles at 18.18%.
- Maine was found to have the highest percentage of homicides using shotguns at 15%.
- Delaware was found to have the highest percentage of homicides using unknown types of firearms at 56.3%.
- Rhode Island was found to have the highest percentage of homicides using knives or cutting instruments at 28%.
- Idaho was found to have the highest percentage of homicides using other weapons at 37.1%.
- Vermont was found to have the highest percentage of homicides using hands, fists, feet, etc. at 18.2%.
How Can I Prevent Copd
With asthma, find out your triggers and do what you can to avoid them. Be sure to keep your inhaler accessible as you never know when an attack will hit and manage your symptoms accordingly.
Smoking is often the cause of COPD the best thing you can do is divorce yourself from the habit and start making health a bigger priority. Other triggers to avoid are second-hand smoke, dust, and pollutants. These may cause further damage to your lungs and increase the speed of COPD symptoms.
Asthma and COPD are separate diseases that can occupy the same space. Having asthma doesnt mean you will also contract COPD, but always exercise caution with your lungs. You only get one set of lungs, so take care of them as best you can
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Can Asthma Lead To Copd Later
Not everyone with asthma goes on to develop COPD. However, having asthma as a child or younger adult can affect how well your lungs develop, and that can increase your chances of having COPD when youre older. One recent study reported that over one in 10 children with persistent asthma went on to have COPD as a young adult.
This means that if you have asthma, its even more important that you dont smoke. Quitting will help to lower your chance of developing COPD in later life as well.Learn more about:
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Knowing The Differences Between Copd And Asthma Is Vital To Good Practice
This content was published in 2011. We do not recommend that you take any clinical decisions based on this information without first ensuring you have checked the latest guidance.
The Outcomes strategy for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma was launched in July 2011 by the Department of Health, with the overall aim to drive improvements in outcomes for patients.1 Once implemented, it is expected to help people to avoid lung disease and lead longer and healthier lives. The strategy recognises the role of community pharmacy in supporting the management of people with respiratory disease through medicines use reviews and new pharmacy services.
In addition, the introduction of national target groups for MURs in England, under amendments to the NHS Community Pharmacy Contractual Framework, aims to ensure the service is provided to those who will benefit most. One of the target groups is patients with asthma or COPD.2 Both diseases have a major impact in the UK in terms of mortality and morbidity3 and the aim of MURs with these patients is to support them to take their medicines as intended, increase their engagement with their condition and medicines, and promote healthy lifestyles, in particular stopping smoking.
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Contact Post Acute Medical Today
If you have asthma or COPD, learn more about the cardiopulmonary health services available to you by contacting Post Acute Medical today. At Post Acute Medical, we concentrate on quality care, patient satisfaction and long-term positive outcomes. Providing high-quality care to our patients is our top priority.
Find out how Post Acute Medical can help you manage your COPD or asthma by locating the facility nearest you and calling for more information.
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Murder Rate Climbed 29% In 2020 Amid Gun Stockpiling And Pandemic Pressures
Murders rose nearly 30% nationwide last year, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Report data released Monday, which revealed the greatest percentage of homicides involving guns on record, amid the pandemic’s onset.
Homicides and manslaughter jumped 29.4% from 2019 to 2020, the largest year-to-year spike since the federal government began tracking violent crime in the 1960s. Though well below the peak of U.S. killings in the 1980s and early 1990s, 4,901 additional killings were carried out in 2020, compared to 2019.
The FBI tabulated more than 21,500 murders last year a wave that largely corresponds with the coronavirus pandemic’s 18-month course and amounts to about 6.5 per 100,000 people.
“The numbers are very concerning,” Assistant Director of the FBI’s Criminal Justice Information Services Division Michael Christman told CBS News in an exclusive interview. “Now that we’ve collected those numbers, we want to put a strong analytical effort behind those numbers. And we want to identify trends. I use the word commonalities. Anything we can do to make law enforcement aware or to provide training around those numbers,,” said Christman, who heads up the FBI’s data collection programs.
Although violent crime also rose by 5.6% in 2020, property crimes fell by 7.8%, according to the bureau. Assaults were up by 12%.
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Is Air Flow Obstruction A Risk Factor For Lung Cancer
Cigarette smoking is the main risk factor for lung cancer, accounting for roughly 85% of cases. Multiple studies have suggested that air flow obstruction is a risk factor for lung cancer independent of smoking, but the role of radiographic evidence for emphysema is less clear. A recent study from the Mayo Clinic enrolled 1,520 patients who were followed for 4 years for the development of lung cancer . When analyzed as a continuous variable, reduced FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were associated with a subsequent diagnosis of lung cancer, with an odds ratio of 1.15 and 1.29 , respectively. When analyzed as a categorical variable, more severe air flow obstruction was associated with greater likelihood of lung cancer . There was no statistical association between percent volume of emphysema on chest CT scan and prevalent or incident lung cancer . Total lung volume measured on chest CT was significantly higher in patients with lung cancer than control subjects .
Presence of Air Flow Obstruction and Its Severity Predict Development of Lung Cancer Independent of Age, Smoking History, and Sex on Conditional Logistic Regression*
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Regulations Prescribing Certain Firearms And Other Weapons Components And Parts Of Weapons Accessories Cartridge Magazines Ammunition And Projectiles As Prohibited Or Restricted
SOR/98-462
Registration 1998-09-16
Regulations Prescribing Certain Firearms and Other Weapons, Components and Parts of Weapons, Accessories, Cartridge Magazines, Ammunition and Projectiles as Prohibited or Restricted
P.C. 1998-1662 1998-09-16
His Excellency the Governor General in Council, on the recommendation of the Minister of Justice, pursuant to the definitions âprohibited ammunitionâFootnote a, âprohibited deviceâFootnote a, âprohibited firearmâFootnote a, âprohibited weaponâFootnote a and ârestricted firearmâFootnote a in subsection 84 and to subsection 117.15Footnote a of the Criminal Code, hereby makes the annexed
-
Return to footnote aS.C. 1995, c. 39, s. 139
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More On Metropolitan Police
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It comes as figures obtained by Sky News show the number of firearms seized by the National Crime Agency have quadrupled in the last three years.
The NCA is lobbying for greater gun controls in Europe after noting an alarming increase in firearms on UK streets.
In 2017/18 the agency confiscated 104 guns but that rose to 168 in 2018/19.
Over the past 10 months, 425 guns have been seized.
“There have been more seizures than they believe to be guns on the streets. The figures show in the last three years it’s quadrupled.”
Kit Malthouse, Minister for Crime, Policing and the Fire Service, said: “We are taking action to make our streets safer and protect people from violence in their homes.”We are recruiting 20,000 new police officers, giving them more powers to take dangerous weapons off our streets and ensuring serious violent and sexual offenders spend longer behind bars.”But these figures are a stark reminder of the devastating impact of domestic abuse and our Domestic Abuse Bill will establish greater protections for victims and ensure perpetrators feel the full weight of the law.”
Hunting Rifles Bound For Tunisia
Frontex supported the operation in partnership with Italy and France as part of its multipurpose operations at sea borders. The agency concentrated on Mediterranean seaports and the movements of suspected terrorists using established ferry routes between the EU and North African countries.
Four Frontex experts were deployed at sea ports in Italy and France to assist with border checks, screening and profiling of suspected terrorists, preventing unauthorized border crossings and detecting cross-border crime.
The experts also supported local authorities with the identification of document fraud. On the ground, Frontex experts held information sessions on how to spot suspected terrorists on the move and on the latest document fraud trends.
Customs administrations participating in the operation strengthened controls on passengers and their belongings, targeting especially the smuggling of currency and weapons. They shared information with each other on any seizures made during inspections of passenger baggage, vessels and vehicles.
The Tunisia Customs Service seized 29 hunting rifles that had been concealed inside a vehicle that had departed from Genoa, Italy, on a ferry bound for Zarzis, on Tunisias southeastern coast. Italian Customs and the Guardia di Finanza made numerous seizures of tobacco products, stolen electronic goods and over 2,000 items of counterfeit designer clothing, while French Customs seized 93 kg of tobacco from a single individual.
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